ESSD's fourth issue discusses green infrastructure in depth as a significant factor for sustainable development. Known to be an economical, safe, and qualitative management of the natural water cycle, it encompasses greening, or the planting of trees, restoring wetlands and a way to benefit out of investments made. Green infrastructure in general is an improvement to the ecological situation, a promotion of domestic and inbound tourism as well as an improvement to living conditions for citizens. Since many communities across the world are working towards protecting their water quality, conserving, restoring and enhancing natural areas is a must. Such approaches to using green infrastructure strategies as an attempt to protect the environment and human health is a also a way to shape sustainable future communities.

Articles featured in this issue introduce green infrastructure as a solution to issues of sustainability in green spaces and beyond. The issue then explores several urban, environmental and cultural concerns, provides recommendations and set goals to protect the environment, improve public health and economical situations as well as prepare for impacts of climate change.

This issue displays research that demonstrates an integration between resilience and sustainable development and beyond. Since both are indistinguishably linked, an investment in resilience or infrastructure is useful for a developed future and environment. Whether its food scarcity, climate change, issues of dry port, pollution, or loss/shortage of energy, a need to address key global challenges exists to shape a more sustainable future. The issue attracted a number of high-quality submissions from researchers in the field and disciplines that address the above-mentioned challenges and that includes the built environment and human behavior, dry ports as an approach to relocate city gateways to maximize efficiency, building technology that supports sustainable architecture, renewable materials, and environmental approaches that deal with architectural heritage.

This issue examines various digital and computerized technological solutions to enhance energy performance and examines the impacts of all the aforementioned solutions on the environment and the economy. The production of solar energy, wind energy, and thermal energy is deeply analysed in 3 different papers as solutions towards cleaner energy and, therefore, a cleaner environment. Some of the authors have also given in-depth accounts of current environmental ailments as a first step towards resolving them, including analysing soot emissions. In addition to technological solutions, some of the authors chose to study the urban and built environment while others focused their research exclusively on the environment. All the papers in this issue focused their research on attempting to achieve sustainable solutions towards sustainable development.

Green architecture is building using sustainable methods. It combines both construction and architectural methods and policies while keeping the environment in mind. In this issue, the manuscripts discuss various solutions for energy reduction and environmental sustainability. Two manuscripts address passive strategies to achieve the aforementioned by using cool clay tiles on roofs as a cooling strategy that saves energy and reduces urban overheating. Other papers in this issue discuss the importance of urbanization in developing areas by applying sustainable strategies including saving energy by utilizing solar energy. The authors have also explained the economic benefits associated with sustainable buildings such as driving designers to think about the environment. Saving power by applying sustainable policies, along with the rising energy prices, increase the demand for sustainable buildings. Sustainability, therefore becomes a driver for designers.