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Before You Submit

Before preparing your manuscript, authors are strongly advised to:

1. Check the journal's scope. Ensure your research falls within the thematic scope of ESSD as defined in the Aims & Scope page. Manuscripts that do not align with the journal's scope will be desk rejected without review.

2. Confirm your article type. Identify which article type your submission corresponds to — Research Article, Review Article, Case Study, or Technical Note. Note that Commentaries are by invitation only. Article type definitions are available on the Journal Policies page.

3. Verify language standards. All manuscripts must be written in clear, grammatically correct English. Authors whose first language is not English are strongly encouraged to have their manuscript reviewed by a native English speaker or a professional language editing service prior to submission. Manuscripts with significant language deficiencies will be returned without review.

4. Review the submission checklist. Before submitting, ensure your manuscript satisfies all requirements listed in the Submission Checklist page.

Manuscript Preparation

File Format
Manuscripts must be submitted in Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx). PDF files are not accepted at the submission stage.

Word Count
Manuscripts should adhere to the following word count guidelines, excluding references, figures, and tables:

Article Type	Word Count
Research Article	6,000 – 10,000 words
Review Article	7,000 – 12,000 words
Case Study	5,000 – 8,000 words
Technical Note	2,000 – 4,000 words

Structure
Manuscripts should follow the standard academic structure appropriate to the article type. Research Articles and Case Studies should generally include the following sections:

• Title
• Abstract
• Keywords
• Introduction
• Methodology
• Results
• Discussion
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgements
• Author Contributions
• Data Availability Statement
• References

Review Articles and Technical Notes may adopt an alternative structure where appropriate, provided it is clearly organized and logical.

Formatting

• Font: Times New Roman, 10pt
• Line spacing: Single
• Headings: 10pt, bold, and numbered
• Margins: Standard A4 margins
• Page numbering: Bottom center

Abstract
Each manuscript must include an abstract of 150–250 words. The abstract must be self-contained, summarizing the research objectives, methodology, key findings, and conclusions. Abbreviations and references should be avoided in the abstract.

Keywords
Authors must provide 5–8 keywords following the abstract. Keywords should reflect the core topics of the manuscript and align with recognized terminology in the field.

Acknowledgements
Authors must include an Acknowledgements section recognizing individuals who contributed to the research but do not meet the criteria for authorship, as well as any institutional support received.

Author Contributions
All manuscripts must include an Author Contributions statement using the CRediT taxonomy, specifying each author's role in the research and preparation of the manuscript. Example: "Conceptualization: A.B.; Methodology: A.B., C.D.; Writing — original draft: A.B.; Review & editing: C.D., E.F."

Before submitting, confirm your manuscript satisfies every requirement on our full Submission Checklist page, and ensure you've used the official ESSD manuscript template.