Implementing Environmental Management Systems (EMS) In Sarawak: Adoption Factors
Abstract
In most organizations, Environmental Management Systems (EMS) adoption is based on voluntary basis; in which the adoption depends on the organization’s aspirations for better environmental performance. Organizations are attracted by very practical benefits through implementation of EMS in their organizations. The primary purpose of an EMS implementation is to improve environmental performance continually in an organization. This research investigates the factors that drive the adoption of EMS by organizations in Sarawak. Empirical findings of a survey on the above in Sarawak organizations are presented. About 112 survey questionnaires invitations were forwarded to various organizations in Sarawak and a total of 47 responses (about 42.0%) were received, Walford (1995) in his assertion said that sampling techniques require 10 percent or more of observations or sampling fractions so that they are to be considered as a representative of the total population. From this research, organizations which have implemented an EMS are mostly from larger organizations in Sarawak which have been established for more than 15 years with over 251 employees and more than one operating location. The results showed that ISO 14001 is the most common EMS frameworks adopted by organizations in Sarawak; followed by Round-table on Sustainable Palm Oil (RSPO). Among the EMS adoption factors in Sarawak, EMS implementation motivation and the role of top management are the most critical factors in EMS adoption in Sarawak. Besides, management support is also another essential factor for EMS adoption among Sarawak organizations; followed by current market orientation factor..
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References
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pg. 10
2. AZZONE, G., BIANCHI, R. and NOCI, G. (1997) Implementing environmental certification in Italy: managerial and competitive
implications for firms. Eco-Management and Auditing, 4(3), pp. 98-108.
3. BHATTACHARYYA, A. and CUMMINGS, L. (2015) Measuring Corporate Environmental Performance – Stakeholder Engagement Evaluation. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(5), pp. 309-325.
4. CHIN, K.S. (1999) Factors Influencing ISO 14000 Implementation in Printed Circuit Board Manufacturing Industry in Hong Kong. of Environmental Planning and Management, 42 (1), pp. 123-134.
5. CORBETT, C. J. and RUSSO, M. V. (2001) The Impact of ISO 14001. ISO Management Systems, (December 2001), pp. 23 – 29.
6. DAFT R.L. and MACINTOSH N.B. (1984) The nature and use of formal control systems for management control and strategy implementation. Journal of management, 10(1), pp. 43-46.
Journal
7. DARNALL, N., D.R. GALLAGHER, R.N.L. ANDREW and D. AMARAL. (2000) Environmental management systems: Opportunities for improve environmental and business strategy? Environment Quality Management, 9(2), pp. 107-115.
8. DEPARTMENT OF STANDARDS MALAYSIA (DSM) (2015) Accreditation [WWW] Department of Standards Malaysia. Available from: http://www.jsm.gov.my/accreditation#.V1VOMPl97IU [Accessed 19/12/15].
9. DÖGL, C. and BEHNAM, M. (2015) Environmentally Sustainable Development through Stakeholder Engagement in Developed and Emerging Countries. Business Strategy and the Environment, 24(6), pp. 583-600.
10. FRYXELL, G.E., LO, C.W. and CHUNG, S.S. (2004) Influence of motivations for seeking ISO 14001 certification on perceptions of EMS effectiveness in China. Environmental Management, 33(2), pp. 239-251.
11. GOVINDARAJULU, N. and DAILY, B. F. (2004) Motivating employees for environmental improvement. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 104(4), pp. 364-372.
12. HO, L.L. and LAW, P.L. (2015) Impact of Implementation of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems on Environmental Performance: A Case Study. International Journal of Engineering Research and Science & Technology, 4(1), pp. 80-90.
13. INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION (2014) ISO 14001 Continual Improvement Survey 2013: Executive Summary. Geneva: International Organization for Standardization.
14. KLASSEN R.D. (1993) The integration of environmental issues into manufacturing: toward an interactive open-systems model. Production and Inventory Management Journal, 34(1), pp. 82-88.
15. MAIER, S. & VANSTONE, K. (2005) Do good environmental management systems lead to good environmental performance? London: Ethical Investment Research Services (EIRIS)
16. MARAMBANYIKA, T. and MUTEKWA, T. (2009) Effectiveness of ISO 14001 Environmental Management Systems in Enhancing Corporate Environmental Sustainability at Unilever South East Africa in Harare, Zimbabwe. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa, 11(1), pp. 280-297.
17. NUNNALLY, J.C. and BERNSTEIN, I.H. (1994) Psychometric theory, Issue 972. McGraw-Hill, pp. 94.
18. RANDALL, R. (1995) Randall’s Practical Guide to ISO 9000: Implementation, Registration and Beyond. Addison Wesley: Reading, MA.
19. RIVERA-CAMINO, J. (2001) What motivates European firms to adopt environmental management systems? Eco-Management and Auditing, 8(3), pp. 134–143.
20. RUSSO, M.V. and FOUTS, P.A. (1997) A resource based structure on corporate environmental performance and profitability. Academy of Management Journal, 40(3), pp. 534-559.
21. SCHMIDHEINY, S. (1992) Changing Course: A Global Business Perspective on Development and the Environment. MIT Press.
22. SCOTT, P. (2003) Management systems and sustainable development. ISO Management Systems, September – October 2003, pp. 27-32.
23. STONE, G., JOSEPH, M. and BLODGETT, J. (2004) Toward the creation of an eco-oriented corporate culture: a proposed model of internal and external antecedents leading to industrial firm eco-orientation. Journal of Business & Industrial Marketing, 19(1), pp. 68-84.
24. SIRIM QAS INTERNATIONAL SDN. BHD. (2015) Malaysian Certified. [WWW] SIRIM QAS. Available from: http://www.malaysiancertified.com.my/MgmtCertification.aspx. [Accessed 17/12/15].
25. URBAN G.L. and STAR S.H. (1991) Advanced Marketing Strategy. Prentice-Hall College: Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
26. UNITED STATES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (2016) Learn About Environmental Management Systems. [WWW] U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Available from: https://www.epa.gov/ems/learn-about-environmental-management-systems [Accessed 27/07/16].
27. WALFORD, N. (1995) Geographical Data Analysis. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
28. WORLD COMMISSION ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT (1987) Our Common Future. New York: Oxford University Press.
29. YIRIDOE, E.K., CLARK, J.S., MARETT, G.E., GORDON, R. and DUINKER, P. (2003) ISO 14001 EMS Standard Registration Decisions Among Canadian Organizations. Agribusiness, 19(4), pp. 493-457.
pg. 10
Authors
Ho, L. L., Law, P. L., & Lim, S. F. (2017). Implementing Environmental Management Systems (EMS) In Sarawak: Adoption Factors. Environmental Science & Sustainable Development, 2(1), 80–91. https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v2i1.88
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