Sustainable Park Landscaping as an Approach for the Development of the Built Environment: Review and Employment

Authors

  • Abdallah Haredy Department of Architectural Engineering, School of Engineering, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i2.553

Keywords:

sustainable parks, cost-effective parks, environmental balance, landscaping, resource preservation, ecotourism

Abstract

Implementing sustainable principles when landscaping parks is vital for the development of the built environment, and should take into account environmental, social, economic, and cultural aspects, in order to eliminate conflict between developmental requirements, and the need to preserve cultural and natural resources. This paper reviews the guidelines that should be considered for current and future sustainable parks in regions with a moderate climate, in order to ensure that they incorporate ecotourism, cost effective operation and maintenance, a clean environment, the promotion of renewable energy, and resource preservation. A number of parks, located in moderate climate zones, are studied in terms of aspects such as their location, topography, operation, and landscaping characteristics, to demonstrate the prevailing normative values that can be applied to sustainable park design. Prince Meshari Park, in Al-Baha city, Saudi Arabia, is employed as a case study for applying all of the guidelines proposed in this investigation, and to highlight some of their merits and limitations in terms of the current situation of the park.

References

Al-Ghitani, M.Y. (1982). Flowers and Ornamental Plants and Landscaping. Egypt, Alexandria: Egyptian Universities House.

Al-Musawi, M. (2010). Geographical Standards for Green Areas. Saudi Arabia, Saudi Geographical Society.

Al-Rashed, M.F., & Sherif, M.M. (2000). Water resources in the GCC countries: an overview. Water resources management, 14(1), 59-75.

Al-Sawaf, M.D. (1992). Parks and Environmental and Urban Needs. Mosul: Mosul University.

Architects, A.O. (2019). Horsetopia – Run Fast Live Slow. Retrieved from https://aoarchitect.us/projects/horsetopia/.

Architects, A.O. (2019). Upcycle Park. Retrieved from https://aoarchitect.us/projects/horsetopia/.

Ayeghi, A., & Ujang, N. (2017). The impact of physical features on user attachment to Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC) Park, Malaysia. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space,10(3), p.32.

Bartholomew, H. (1975). The Land Use Survey. In H. M. Mayr & C. F. Kohn Readings in Urban Geography (Eds.) (p.42). Chicago: Chicago Univ Press.

Beck, T. (2013). Principles of ecological landscape design. Washington: Island Press.

Bureau, A.A. (2019). Natural Geometry Park. Retrieved from http://a61.ru/en/projects/natural-geometry-park/.

Ceballos-Lascurain, H. (1996). Tourism, Ecotourism, and Protected Areas: The State of Nature-Based Tourism Around The World and Guidelines for its Development. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN Publications.

Chiesura, A. (2004). The role of urban parks for the sustainable city. Landscape and Urban Planning, 68(1), 129-138.

Coley, R.L., Kuo, F.E., & Sullivan, W.C. (1997). Where does community grow? The social context created by nature in urban public housing. Environment and behavior,29(4), 468-494.

Elsayed, I.S. (2012). A study on the urban heat island of the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Journal of King Abdulaziz University,23(2), 121.

Fathy, H. (1973). Architecture for the poor. Chicago: Chicago Press.

Ganser, K. (1996). Architecture as a process: the IBA Emscher Park. In K. Wachten (Ed.). Change Without Growth: Sustainable Development for the 21st Century. (pp.23-52) Eutin: Struve’s Buchdruckerei und Verlag GmbH.

Gruehn, D. (2017). Regional Planning and Projects in the Ruhr Region (Germany). In M. Yokohari, A. Akinobu, Y. Hara, & K. Tsuchiya (Eds.). Sustainable Landscape Planning in Selected Urban Regions (pp.215-225). Ruhr: Springer.

Hansen, G. (2010). Basic Principles of Landscape Design. Cooperative Extinction Service. Florida: University of Florida.

IBA (1999). 99 FINALE (1999) Die Internationale Bauausstellung. Retrieved from: http://www.iba.nrw.de/iba/main.htm.

Jim, C.Y. (2000). The urban forestry programme in the heavily built-up milieu of Hong Kong. Cities,17(4), 271-283.

Lidy, C. J. (2006). A Study of Landscape Architecture Design Methods. Landscape Architecture. Alexandria, Virginia, USA, Virginia Polytechnic Institute.

Lindberg, K., & Hawkins, D.E. (1993). Ecotourism: a guide for planners and managers.

Loutfy I., & El-Juhany, I.M.A.A.M.A.A.-G. (2008). The Possibility of Ameliorating the Regeneration of Juniper Trees in the Natural Forests of Saudi Arabia. Research Journal of Agriculture and Biological Sciences,2(4), 126-133.

Lyle, J.T. (1996). Regenerative design for sustainable development. London: John Wiley & Sons.

Magazine, D. (2005). KLCC Park Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Design Magazine, Cairo, Eygpt., 13, (pp.15-22).

Maruani, T., & Amit-Cohen, I. (2007). Open space planning models: A review of approaches and methods. Landscape and Urban Planning,81(1-2), 1-13.

Motloch, J.L. (2000). Introduction to landscape design. London: John Wiley & Sons.

Newman, P., & Jennings, I. (2012). Cities as sustainable ecosystems: principles and practices. Washington: Island Press.

Nicholls, R. (2006). Green Building Bible: Volume 2: Low energy design technical reference. United Kingdom: Green Building Press.

Northam, R.M. (1984). Urban Geography. New York: John Wiley and Sons.

Noss, R.F. (1987). From plant communities to landscapes in conservation inventories: A look at the nature conservancy (USA). Biological Conservation,41(1), 11-37.

Parés-Franzi, M., Sauri-Pujol, D., & Domene, E. (2006). Evaluating the environmental performance of urban parks in Mediterranean cities: an example from the Barcelona metropolitan region. Environmental Management, 38(5), 750-759.

Partners, F.A. (2019). Apple Campus. Retrieved from: https://www.fosterandpartners.com.

Piereall, G. (1979). Residential Landscapes. Reston, Virginia: Reston Publishing Co. Inc.

Site-Design (n.d.). Grant Park Frame Work Plan. Retrieved from: https://www.site-design.com/grant-park-framework-plan/.

Sutton, P.C., Anderson, S.J., Elvidge, C.D., Tuttle, B.T., and Ghosh, T. (2009). Paving the planet: impervious surface as proxy measure of the human ecological footprint. Progress in Physical Geography,33(4), 510-527.

Swain, A. (1998). A new challenge: water scarcity in the Arab world. Arab studies quarterly,8(3), 1-11.

Takano, T., Nakumura, K., & Watanbe, M. (2002). Urban Residential Environments and Senior Citizens' Longevity in Megacity Areas: The Importance of Walkable Green Spaces. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (1979-),56(12), 913-918.

Tian, Y., Jim, C.Y, Tao, Y. and Shi, T. (2011). Landscape ecological assessment of green space fragmentation in Hong Kong. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening,10(2), 79-86.

Tourism, S. C. F. (2004). Tourism Development Strategy in Al - Baha Region. Saudi Arabia: Sustainable Tourism Development Plan.

Ulrich, R. S. (1981). Natural versus urban scenes: Some psychophysiological effects. Environment and behavior, 13(5), 523-556.

Wahid, A.H.A. (1988). Planning and Design of Green Areas. Eygpt, Cairo: Landscape and Urban Planning.

Weatheronline (2019). Climate of The World-Saudi Arabia. Retrieved from https://www.weatheronline.co.uk/reports/climate/Saudi-Arabia.htm.

Downloads

Published

2019-06-30

How to Cite

Haredy, A. (2019). Sustainable Park Landscaping as an Approach for the Development of the Built Environment: Review and Employment. International Journal of Environmental Science & Sustainable Development, 4(2), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.21625/essd.v4i2.553

Issue

Vol. 4 No. 2 (2019): Innovative Approaches Towards Preserving the Environment

Section

Research Papers

License

Creative Commons License

  • The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
  • Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;

With the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.

  • The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  • Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher's final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
  • Upon Publisher's request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author's own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
  • The Author represents and warrants that:
  • The Work is the Author's original work;
  • The Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
  • The Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
  • The Work has not previously been published;
  • The Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
  • The Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
  • The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author's breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 7 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher's use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.