Land Tenure Security and Resident’s Stability in Squatter Settlements of Lahore
Abstract
Squatters have now become integral part of urban centers in most developing countries like Pakistan, with Lahore experiencing growth of such informal settlements at its peak. A myriad of issues and challenges associated with economic, social, spatial, environmental and political contexts within squatters has become a great hindrance towards home improvement and better life style. Tenure security brings a sense of homeownership to socioeconomically disadvantaged households. Recently, promotion of increased security of tenure of all whether living in formal or informal settlements has been affirmed by New Urban Agenda of Habitat III. Therefore, it is need of the time to look into present tenure types of squatters being offered by the city to solve problem of housing backlog and to provide promote inclusivity ensuring healthy, affordable and sustainable environment for all inhabitants.
Proposed argument has got stronger foundation due to comparative analysis of squatter having secured land tenure with squatter of unsecure tenure. In this paper we explore that tenure security is one of the key factors which leads to resident’s stability, through case study approach by investigating two squatters based on their tenure types. The data collected through questionnaire will help us to identify other key factors associated with resident stability in squatters. Study reveals that limited secured tenure options and poor governance in present urban scenario projects as major obstacles in coping with urban sprawl and squatter settlements. Findings help us to understand the phenomena of inter-connection of land tenure security and residential stability of squatters in Lahore, suffering from housing shortage and informal settlements.
Full text article
References
Adams, M., Sibanda, S., & S. Turner. (1999). Land Tenure Reform and Rural Livelihoods in Southern
Africa. Natural Resource Perspectives, No. 39. Overseas Development Institute, London.
Centre for Micro Finance (IFMR). (2007). A Report on Low Income Housing in India: Challenges and
Opportunities for Microfinance. Chennai: Institute for Financial Management and Research.
Doebelej, W. A. (1987). The Evolution of Concepts of Urban Land Tenure in Developing Countries. Habitat International,11,(1), 7-22.
Durand-Lasserve, A., & Royston, L. (2002). Holding Their Ground: Secure Land Tenure for the Urban
Poor in Developing Countries. London: Earthscan Publications.
Durand-Lasserve, A., & Selod, H. (2009). The Formalization of Urban Land Tenure in Developing Coun
tries. In Urban Land Markets (pp. 101-132). Dordrecht: Springer.
Haider, E. A. (2015). A Hard Day’s Night – Field notes on land ownership and poverty in urban Punjab.
Social Science and Policy Bulletin VOLUME 6 No. 3, pp. 2-9.
Handzic, K. (2010). Is legalized land tenure necessary in slum upgrading? Learning from Rio’s land tenure policies in the Favela Bairro Program. Habitat International,34(1), 11-17.
Hardoy, J., & Satterthwaite D. (1993), ‘Housing policies: a review of changing government attitudes and
responses to city housing problems in the Third World’, in G. Shabeer Cheema (ed.), Urban Management:
Policies and Innovations in Developing Countries, Westport, CT, Praeger, 111–61
Hasan, A. (1992). SEVEN REPORTS ON HOUSING:Government Policies and Informal Sector and Community Responses. Karachi: Orangi Pilot Project Research and Training Institute for the Development of Katchi Abadis.
Hasan, A., Ahmed, N., Raza, M., Sadiq, A., Ahmed, S. U., & Sarwar, M. B. (2013, March). Land ownership, control and contestation in Karachi and implications for low-income housing. London: International
Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
Lahore Population 2016. (2016, November 11). Retrieved from World Population Review: http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/lahore-population/
Maxwell, D., &Wiebe, K. (1999) ‘Land tenure and food security: exploring dynamic linkages’. Development and Change, Vol. 30, No. 4. , 825–849.
Nasreen, Z., & Hira, A. (2009, October). Impact Evaluation of Katchi Abadis Regularization and Development Programme (Case Study Lahore, Pakistan). Lahore, Pakistan.
Nyametso, J. K. (2010, October). Improvement Of Squatter Settlements: The Link Between Tenure Security, Access To Housing, And Improved Living And Environmental Conditions. Dunedin UNEDIN, NewZealand.
Qadeer, M. A. (1983). Lahore Urban Development in the Third World. Lahore : Allied Press
Qadeer, M. A. (1996). An Assessment of Pakistan’s Urban Policies, 1947–1997. The Pakistan Development Review, 443—465.
Reale, A., & Handmer, J. (2011). Land tenure, disasters and vulnerability. Disasters, Vol. 35, No. 1. ,
-182.
Sengupta, U., & Sharma, S. (2006). The challenge of squatter settlements in Kathmandu: Addressing a
policy vacuum. International Planing Development Review, 105-126.
Shami, M., & Majid, H. (2015). The Political Economy of Public Goods Provision in Slums: Preliminary
results from a field study in urban Pakistan. Social Science and Policy Bulletin, VOLUME 6 No. 3, pp.
-14.
UN-HABITAT. (2008). Housing Finance Mechanisms In India. Nairobi : UN-HABITAT, United Nations
Human Settlements Programme 2008.
Urban Unit. (n.d.). Assessment of Land Development and Management Practices in Five. Lahore: Urban Unit. Retrieved from http://www.urbanunit.gov.pk/PublicationDocs/28.pdf
Authors
Copyright (c) 2019 The Academic Research Community publication
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
With the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher's final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher's request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author's own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- The Work is the Author's original work;
- The Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- The Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- The Work has not previously been published;
- The Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- The Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author's breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 7 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher's use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Article Details
