Historic Preservation, Complexity, and the Shadow of Monumentality: The Case of Lutyens’ Delhi
Abstract
Over the years, the central administrative district of New Delhi, known colloquially as Lutyens’ Delhi, dominantly shaped under the authorship of Sir Edwin Lutyens and Sir Herbert Baker, has been repeatedly called upon to support a wider range of uses and a higher range of densities than it currently houses. In reaction to such calls, arguments of historic preservation and conservation have been recycled in defense of the built environmental status quo within the area. One of the more layered arguments given for such a manner of preservation is that presented by Buch (2003) which pulls from a wide breadth of perspectives, ranging from basic arguments of architectural legacy to those which extrapolate connections between the Vastu Purusha and the masterplan inherent to Lutyens’ Delhi. This paper is framed as an intrinsic case study into the argument of Buch (2003), offering a detailed cross-examination, and by extension refutation, of the various historical and ideological assertions found therein.
Full text article
References
Alexander, Christopher. “The City is not a Tree.” Architectural Forum, Vol 122, No. 1, April 1965, 58-62
Alexander, Christopher. A Pattern Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Bhattacharya, Shubhabrata. “Modi’s Kartavya Path eclipses Lutyens’ Delhi.” The Sunday Guardian, 28 May 2023. https://sundayguardianlive.com/news/modis-kartavya-path-eclipses-lutyens-delhi-2. Accessed 3 July 2024.
Buch, M.N. “Lutyens’ New Delhi – yesterday, today and tomorrow.” India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 30, No.2, Monsoon 2003, 29-40.
Butler, A.S.G. The Architecture of Sir Edwin Lutyens: Volume 2. ACC Art Books: 13 September 2023. ISBN: 9781788842303
Brook, Daniel. “Narendra Modi’s New New Delhi.” The New Yorker, 7 September 2023. https://www.newyorker.com/news/dispatch/narendra-modis-new-new-delhi. Accessed 3 July 2023.
Cruz, Teddy. “The Informal as Praxis.” Stockholm on the Move, 2012. Lecture. Available at: https://youtu.be/F0WP2v_PPoM. (Accessed 5 December 2019)
Davis, Howard. Living Over the Store: Architecture and Local Urban Life. New York: Routledge, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203609590
Davis, Howard. Working Cities. London: Routledge, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429448515
Duany, Andres. “San Antonio by Design.” San Antonio, 1991. Lecture. Available at: https://youtu.be/NMvwHDFVpCE. Accessed 3 December 2019.
Greenberg, Allan. “Lutyens’ Architecture Restudied.” Perspecta, Vol. 12, 1969, 129-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1566962
Gruen, Amanda. “Land Crisis Puts Pressure on Lutyens’ Housing Quarter in New Delhi.” The Architects’ Newspaper, 22 May 2013. https://www.archpaper.com/2013/05/land-crisis-puts-pressure-on-lutyens-housing-quarter-in-new-delhi/. Accessed 7 July 2024.
Hosagrahar, Jyoti. “Mansions to Margins: Modernity and the Domestic Landscapes of Historic Delhi, 1847-1910.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol. 60, No. 1, March 2001, 26-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/991677
Irving, Robert Grant. “Architecture for Empire’s Sake: Lutyens’s Palace for Delhi.” Perspecta, Vol. 18, 1982, 7-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1567032
Jacobs, Jane. “The Death and Life of Great American Cities.” New York: Random House, 1961.
Kostof, Spiro. The City Shaped: Urban Patterns and Meanings Through History. New York: Bulfinch Press, 1991.
Moreno, Carlos, et al. "Introducing the “15-Minute City”: Sustainability, resilience and place identity in future post-pandemic cities." Smart Cities 4.1 (2021): 93-111. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/smartcities4010006
Nath, V. “Planning for Delhi.” GeoJournal, Vol. 29, No. 2, February 1993, 171-180. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00812814
Peck, Lucy. “Linking Histories: the planning of New Delhi.” India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 2, Autumn 2006, 1-12.
Priya, Ritu. “Town Planning, Public Health and Urban Poor: Some Explorations from Delhi.” Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 28, No. 17, April 1993, 824-834.
Ray, Debika. “Is Modi Out to Destroy New Delhi?” Apollo, 4 May 2021. https://www.apollo-magazine.com/new-delhi-architecture-narendra-modi/. Accessed 3 July 2024.
Shah, Jagan. “Some home truths about the Lutyens Bungalow Zone.” Firstpost, 2 February 2019. Available at: https://www.firstpost.com/india/some-home-truths-about-the-lutyens-bungalow-zone-6010831.html (Accessed: 29 January 2020).
Sharma, Jyoti. “The British Treatment of Historic Gardens in the Indian Subcontinent: The Transformation of Delhi’s Nawab Safdarjung’s Tomb Complex from a Funerary Garden into a Public Park.” Garden History, Vol. 35, No. 2, Winter 2007, 210-228.
Sharma, Satish. “Imperial Delhi: imagined, imaged, iconicized.” India International Centre Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 2, Autumn 2006, 27-37.
Sharma, Sudhir and Sunita Sharma. Vastu for Home and Office. New Delhi: Vij Books India, 2011.
Venugopal, Jayadevi. “Vastu Purusha Mandala—A human ecological framework for designing living environments.” Proceedings of International Conference on Advances in Architecture and Civil Engineering (AARCV 2012), Volume 2, Bonfring, 2012.
Weaver, Lawrence. “Lutyens Houses and Gardens.” New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1921.
Authors

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
With the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher's final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher's request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author's own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- The Work is the Author's original work;
- The Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- The Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- The Work has not previously been published;
- The Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- The Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author's breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 7 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher's use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
