Use of Parametric Approach for User-Oriented Development in Building Design: Preliminary Investigations
Abstract
Building design is a highly interdisciplinary research field integrating technological, architectural, structural, social and other aspects. Participatory design, or co-design, already used in other disciplines, is now facilitated by the diffusion of Building Information Modelling which offers greater control of the interdisciplinary aspects in building design. But unlike other disciplines, architecture is characterized by a high number of requirements, partly formalizable, quantifiable and optimizable and partly only intuitive. Furthermore is difficulty to employ a collaborative design framework because designer and end user work on different knowledge levels: one works on satisfying classes of requirements, and the other is unable to abstract his needs and therefore properly formalize requirements or desires. The use of simple parametric models in the pre-design phase, based on algorithms capable of generating geometries dependent on multiple modifiable variables, could overcome this problem.
This paper offers a preliminary investigation on the possibility of integrating bottom-up design aspects by giving parametric models to possible end users and allowing them to explore the design space, identifying preferential outputs and overcoming some of their technical gaps. Working in parametric environments in the pre-design phase opens to the integration of tools such as evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithms (EMOA). New fitness functions can be defined to bring design closer to the end users’ proposed outputs without neglecting performance optimization, which is typical in parametric design. The framework proposed differs from existing “product configurator”, used in industrial design, which allows the personalization of aesthetic characteristics. This paper aims at a greater understanding of the end user’s will for satisfying them better in the subsequent design phases.
The technological tools currently available to make this framework possible will be analysed, identifying shortcomings and problems, along with methodological implications.
Full text article
References
Alexander C. Notes on the synthesis of form. Harvard: Harvard University Press; 1972.
Alexander C, Schmidt R, Moore Alexander M, Hanson B, Mehaffy M.. Generative Codes. The path to building welcoming, beautiful, sustainable neighbourhoods; 2005. Retrieved April 4, 2020, from https://www.livingneighborhoods.org/library/generativecodesv10.pdf
Alexander C, Silverstein M, Angel S, Ishikawa S, Abrams D. The Oregon Experiment. New York: Oxford University Press; 1975.
De Carlo G, Bunčuga F. Conversazioni su architettura e libertà [trad. Conversations on architecture and freedom. Milano: Elèuthera; 2000.
Garbad MJ. Understanding K-means Clustering in Machine Learning; 2018, September. Retrieved April 4, 2020, from Towards Data Science: https://towardsdatascience.com/understanding-k-means-clustering-in-machine-learning-6a6e67336aa1
Ghery Technologies. Museo Soumaya. Facade design to fabrication; 2013.
Giffinger R, Fertner C, Kramar H, Kalasek R, Milanovic NP, Meijers E. Smart cities. Ranking of European medium-sized cities. Vienna: Centre of Regional Science; 2007.
Habermas J. A reply to my critics. In: Thompson JB, Held D, editors. Habermas: critical debates. London: Macmillan press LTD; 1982.
Hergul S. Understanding Simple Heat Maps for Smarter UI Design; 2020. Retrieved April 28, 2020, from uxpin.com: https://www.uxpin.com/studio/blog/understanding-simple-heat-maps-smarter-ui-design/
McLuhan M. Understanding Media: the extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1964
Mitra M. K-Means clustering in machine learning - a review. The Peer Research Nest 2019;1(4):1-14.
Negroponte N. Soft Architecture Machines. Cambridge: MIT Press; 1975.
Nuijsink C. "Less money, More creativity", interview with Alejandro Aravena. Mark Magazine 2008;15:175-183.
Pask G. The architectural relevance of cybernetics. Architectural Design 1966:494-496.
Purini F. (2018). Il BIM. Un parere in evoluzione. [trad. The BIM. An evolving opinion.]. Op.cit. Selezione della critica d'arte contemporanea 2018;162;5-16.
Ratti C. Architettura open source. Torino: Giulio Einaudi Editore; 2014.
Ratti C, Antonelli P, Bly A, Dietrich L, Grima J, Hill D, Habraken J, Haw A, Maeda J, Negroponte N, Obrist HU, Reas C, Santambrogio M, Shepard M, Somajni C, Sterlin B. Open Source Architecture (OsArc). Domus 2011;948:I-IV.
Sacchi, L. La fine del disegno? [trad. The end of Drawing?]. Op. cit. Selezione della critica d'arte contemporanea 2015:153;5-16.
Shape Diver. Shape Diver | Online Parametric Technology Overview. Retrieved April 4, 2020, from https://www.shapediver.com/overview/
Tedeschi A. AAD_Algorithms-Aided Design. Brienza: Le Penseur; 2014.
The Musem of Modern Art. Epilogue - Cedric Price. In Riley T, Deyong S, De Michelis M, Apraxine P, Antonelli P, di Carlo T, Cline B, The changing of the avant-garde: visionary architectural drawings from the Howard Gilman Collection. New York: Distributed Art Publishers; 2002. p.156
United Nations General Assembly. Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development; 2015.
Whitehead H. (2010). Foreword. In Woodbury R. Elements of parametric design. New York: Routledge; 2010. p.1
Wilkinson L, Friendly M. The History of Cluster Heat Map. The American Statistician 2009;63-2;179-184
Authors
Copyright (c) 2021 The Academic Research Community publication
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
- The Author shall grant to the Publisher and its agents the nonexclusive perpetual right and license to publish, archive, and make accessible the Work in whole or in part in all forms of media now or hereafter known under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License or its equivalent, which, for the avoidance of doubt, allows others to copy, distribute, and transmit the Work under the following conditions:
- Attribution: other users must attribute the Work in the manner specified by the author as indicated on the journal Web site;
With the understanding that the above condition can be waived with permission from the Author and that where the Work or any of its elements is in the public domain under applicable law, that status is in no way affected by the license.
- The Author is able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the nonexclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the Work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), as long as there is provided in the document an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post online a pre-publication manuscript (but not the Publisher's final formatted PDF version of the Work) in institutional repositories or on their Websites prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (see The Effect of Open Access). Any such posting made before acceptance and publication of the Work shall be updated upon publication to include a reference to the Publisher-assigned DOI (Digital Object Identifier) and a link to the online abstract for the final published Work in the Journal.
- Upon Publisher's request, the Author agrees to furnish promptly to Publisher, at the Author's own expense, written evidence of the permissions, licenses, and consents for use of third-party material included within the Work, except as determined by Publisher to be covered by the principles of Fair Use.
- The Author represents and warrants that:
- The Work is the Author's original work;
- The Author has not transferred, and will not transfer, exclusive rights in the Work to any third party;
- The Work is not pending review or under consideration by another publisher;
- The Work has not previously been published;
- The Work contains no misrepresentation or infringement of the Work or property of other authors or third parties; and
- The Work contains no libel, invasion of privacy, or other unlawful matter.
- The Author agrees to indemnify and hold Publisher harmless from Author's breach of the representations and warranties contained in Paragraph 7 above, as well as any claim or proceeding relating to Publisher's use and publication of any content contained in the Work, including third-party content.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Article Details
